TEXAS CHİCLİD(Herichthys cyanoguttatus)







Latince Adı:
 Herichthys cyanoguttatus
Habitatı ve Anavatanı: Orta Amerika nehirleri
Beslenme Biçimi: Hem etçil, hem otçul.
Davranış Biçimi: Agresif
Kendi Türlerine Davranışı: Agresif
Yüzme Seviyesi: Orta-Dip-Yüzey
Cinsiyet Ayrımı: Erkekler daha büyük olur ve kafaları daha şişkin olur. Tek eşlidir. Erkeklerin kuyruk yüzgecinin sonunda siyah leke bulunur.(Siyah leke bulunmayan erkeklerde olabilir.)
Üreme: Dikey bir yüzeye 1000 civarı yumurta dökerler. Dişi yumurtaları korur, erkekse bölgeye başka balık yaklaştırmaz. Yavrular 5 günlük olunca serbest yüzmeye başlarlar, küçük canlı yemlerin yanında anne babanın mukozasıyla da beslenirler.
Sıcaklık: 20-26 °C
En Fazla Büyüdüğü Boy: 30 cm

En Az Akvaryum Hacmi: 300lt
Su Sertliği: Orta
pH: 7.0
Zorluk Seviyesi: 2
Genel Yorum: Büyük boyutlara ulaşan balıklardır. Akvaryumda taşlardan mağaralar yapılmalı ortada geniş yüzme alanı bırakılmalıdır. Beyaz, sarı, turuncu, kırmızı renkte olabilr. Büyük akvaryumlarda diğer Orta Amerika Cichlidleri'yle beraber bakılabilir. Çeşitli renk varyasyonları vardır. Kendinden küçük balıklara karşı tehlikelidir. Birleşik Amerika'nın tek yerli cichlid türüdür. 

Teksas cichlid dünyanın birçok yerinde popüler bir akvaryum balığıdır. ABD'nin güney ve kuzeyinde meksika da bulunsa da balığın amerikan çiklit değil, Afrika kökenli bir tür olduğu, bir Afrika pulu üzerinde resmedilmesinden kaynaklanmıştır. Fildişi Sahili tarih 1981... Tehdit altındaki türler ( IUCN Red ) listesine dahil değildir.

Teksas cichlidi tutmak zordur, esas olarak sert mizaçlı olarak kabul edilir. Bu balık hobiye yeni başlayanlar için önerilmez. Texas iyi bakıldığı takdirde 15 yaşına kadar yaşayabilir.
Teksas cichlid bentopelajik (taban yüzücü/balığın tercih etiği alan) ortamda subtropikal bir balıktır.
Doğal habitatı Teksas, ABD ve Kuzey Rio Grande drenajı, Meksikanın doğu bölümündeki büyük küçük nehirlerdir. Teksas cichlidin merkezi, yarımada olarak Florida kabul edilmiştir. Benzer bir tanıtım Meksika'da Verde Nehri havzasında (La Media Luna bölge) yer alır.Teksas cichlidle Türkiye'nin tanışması 1970'lerdedir, ancak günümüzde Türkiye de yaygın konumdadır.

Teksas cichlidin öncelikle İngilizce iki isimi vardır; Texas çiklit ve Rio Grande isimleriyle bilinmektedir. Spor balıkçıları bazen ona Rio Grande levrekte derler. Meksika'da, bu balık için İspanyolca Mojarra del Norte ismi kullanılır.
Teksas cichlid akvaryumu bir çift için en az 125 galon (400lt), tek teksas için 75 galon (250lt), karma bir akvaryum için ise ez az 175 galon (650lt) olmalıdır. Akvaryum'da ideal ortam için kayalardan ve köklerden bol saklanma alanı oluşturulmalıdır. Bölge ayarlamak için kökler ve kayalar bitkiler kullanmak iyi bir fikirdir.

Yukarıda da belirttiğimiz gibi, Texas çichlidin doğal habitatı bol su bitkisi içerir. Bitkili ortamları çok sever ve hatta bazen saldırgan ve agresif bir tür olduğu için bitkiler onları sakinleştirir. Yuvar kurmak ve etrafını kullanmak için dayanıklı bitki türlerini kullanırlar. 

Teksas cichlid beslemek için kum ve yanındaki balık seçiminde dikkatli olunmalıdır. Yalnızca kendini korumak için zorbalık yapmaz. Tam olarak agresif bir balık olması, beslenme şekli, beslediğiniz yer ve beslediğiniz diğer türlere göre değişiklik gösterebilir. Örneğin Orta ve Güney Amerika büyük cichlidleri ile beslemeyi deneyebilirsiniz.

Teksas cichlid organik atıklara yüksek düzeyde duyarlıdır. Sık su değişimi ile doğru filtrasyon birleştirilmelidir. Haftada % 25-40 su değiştirilmesi, uygun olur. PH değeri nötr civarında ve su yumuşak olmalıdır veya sert orta (pH 7.0) tutulmalıdır. Önerilen su sıcaklığı kademeli olduğu sürece yüksek sıcaklıklara alıştırabilirsiniz. 70-75 ° F (21-24 ° C).

ERKEK Texas Cichlid


Texas cichlidlere canlı böcekler, kabuklular, solucanlar ve bitki önerilir. Örnek kullanım şöyledir yüksek kaliteli yemler, karides sebze ile eklenerek, canlı farklı türde temel gıda, donmuş yosun, solucanlar gibi etli kuru gıdalarda verilebilir.
Üretimi gayet kolaydır, bir çok amerikan orjinli tür gibi yavruları anne baba büyütür. Yavrular için bol oksijenli suya ihtiyaç duyarlar. Teksaslarda dişi ve erkek birbirine çok benzer, üreme belirtileride çok yanıltıcı olabilirler.

DİŞİ Texas Cichlid


Genel olarak, dişi daha küçük ve daha az parlak renkler sahiptir .Yaşlı erkekler kafa yapılarında yumru şekli belli olur. Teksas cichlidler yer ve büyüme koşullarına göre görünüş açısından çok farklılık gösterebilir. Erkekler 6-8 cm uzunluğuna geldikleri zaman üreme olgunluğuna ulaşırlar. Üreme belirtileri; düz bir zemin veya kaya üzerini temizlemeye başlarlar, dişi 500-1000 yumurta dökebilir. Diğer amerikanlar gibi iç güdüsel olarak agresiflikleri artar. Bu dönemde dişi erkeğe erkekte dişiye zarar verebilir, hatta bazen yumurtaları bile yiyebilirler ayırmakta yarar vardır.
Yavrular 5 ile 8 gün arasında yüzmeye başlarlar. Bu dönemde yavrulara yumurtadan salamura karides ve ezilmiş pul gıdalarla besliyebilirsiniz.
Değişik renk varyasyonları vardır en bilinenleri Blue Texas Cichlid, Red Texas Cichlid, Green Texas Cichliddir.

YAVRU Texas Cichlid


Yaşlı Erkek Texas Cichled



Scientific name:  Herichthys cyanoguttatus
Common name:  Texas cichlid
Max. size: 30 cm / 12 inches
pH range: 6.5 – 8.0
dH range: 8-25
Temperature range: 20-26° C / 70-75° F
The Texas cichlid is the only cichlid native to the United States. In addition to being a popular aquarium fish in many parts of the world, it is also an appreciated game fish in southern U.S. and northern Mexico. Even though this fish is an American cichlid and not an African, it was depicted on a stamp released by the Côte d'Ivoire (known as Ivory Coast prior to 1985) in 1981. The Texas cichlid is not included in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
The Texas cichlid is considered difficult to keep, primarily due to its feisty temperament. This fish is not recommended for beginners. If you take good care of your Texas cichlid it can reach an age of 15 years.
Herichthys cyanoguttatus has been known under several other scientific names, includingHerichthys cyanoguttatumHerichthys cyanoguttatusCichlasoma cyanoguttatum,Cichlasoma pavonaceum,  Heros pavonaceus and Parapetenia cyanostigma.

Texas cichlid habitat and range:

The Texas cichlid is a subtropical fish that hails from a benthopelagic environment. It lives in pools and runs of small to big rivers and its native habitat is the lower Rio Grande drainage in Texas, U.S. and north-eastern parts of Mexico. The Texas cichlid has been introduced by man to central peninsular Florida and the Edwards Plateau of central Texas. A similar introduction has taken place in the Verde River basin (La Media Luna region) in Mexico. The Texas cichlid was also introduced to the Philippines in the 1970s, but it is not known whether a Texas cichlid population is now established in Philippines or not. 

Texas cichlid common names:

The Texas cichlid is primarily known under two names in English: Texas cichlid and Rio Grande cichlid. Sport fishers sometimes refer to it as the Rio Grande perch. In Mexico, the Spanish name for this fish is Mojarra del norte.

Texas cichlid description:

The Texas cichlid displays a sparkling golden colour with pearly highlights. The body and fins are decorated with white and turquoise dots. Along the middle, rear half of the body and at the base of the caudal fin of the fish you can see several small black dots. Many Texas cichlids have three black bars on the body.    
Juvenile Texas cichlids are pearl-gray with white dots on body and fins. They have two prominent black dots; one in the centre of the body and one at the base of the caudal fin.
During the breeding period, the underside of the Texas cichlid turns completely black and the three black bars will intensify in colour.

Texas cichlid setup:

In the wild, Texas cichlids are found in densely grown pools and runs of small to large rivers and it is a good idea to mimic this type of environment in the aquarium. A single Texas cichlid can be kept in a 75 gallon aquarium, while a couple needs at least 125 gallons. If you get a pair, be prepared to divide the aquarium into two separate parts in case of extensive violence. If you want to keep a Texas cichlid with other fish, the aquarium must be at least 125 gallons.
Fins sand is an ideal substrate for a Texas cichlid aquarium, and plenty of rocks and roots should be added to create hiding spots. It is also a good idea to use rocks, roots and plants to divide the aquarium into several territories. As mentioned above, the natural habitat of the Texas cichlid contains plenty of aquatic plants. Since the Texas cichlid likes to burrow around plants and sometimes even attack plants, it is important to pick sturdy species that can handle this type of behaviour. Your Texas cichlid will definitely appreciate getting some floating plants to hide under.

Texas cichlid tank mates:

The Texas cichlid is a territorial fish and you must be careful when picking its tank mates. Only combine the Texas cichlid with fish that can fend for themselves and will not tolerate being bullied. Exactly how aggressive a Texas cichlid is varies considerably from specimen to specimen. You can for instance combine Texas cichlids with other big cichlids from Central and South America. 

Texas cichlid care:

The Texas cichlid is sensitive to high levels of organic waste. Combine proper filtration with frequent water changes. Changing 25-40% of the water once a week is a good rule of thumb, but you might have to modify it to suit your particular aquarium. The pH-value should be kept around neutral (pH 7.0) and the water should be soft or medium hard. The recommended water temperature is 70-75° F (21-24° C) but these fishes can adapt to higher temperatures as long as the change is gradual.

Texas cichlid feeding:

Wild Texas cichlids live on insects, crustaceans, worms and plant matter, and it is advisable to mimic this varied diet in captivity. The Texas cichlid is known to readily accept most type of dry, frozen and freeze-dried food in the aquarium. You can for instance use high-quality flakes or cichlid pellets as base, and supplement with vegetables, algae based food, and different types of live/frozen/freeze-dried meaty foods such as worms. 

Texas cichlid breeding:

The Texas cichlid is a prolific species in the wild and they are easy to breed in the aquarium as well. Texas cichlids are clutch tenders and both parents will protect and care for the offspring. They are open breeders and prefer well-oxygenated water.  
Sexing Texas cichlids
Sexing Texas cichlids can be very tricky because males and females can look very similar to each other. Generally speaking, females will be smaller and show less bright colours. If you have an older male, he might develop a cranial bump. There are however reports of female Texas cichlids developing bumps as well, so this mode of sexing is not 100% reliable. 
Texas cichlid breeding
Female Texas cichlids are normally ready to reproduce when they have reached a length of 2-3 inches. When she is ready she will start cleaning a flat surface, such as a rock, and providing your Texas cichlids with a suitable spawning surface is therefore a good idea if you want them to spawn. The female can lay up to 500-1000 eggs on the spawning surface and the male will follow after her and fertilize them. The eggs are around 1.7 mm in size and will be tended to by the female while the male guards the territory. During this period, both sexes are highly aggressive and the male can even attack the female. It is advisable to keep them with at least a few fast fishes that can serve as targets for the male; if he has no one to chase he can become very aggressive towards the female. Another salutation is to install a divider that will keep the female and male Texas cichlid separated from each other. 
The eggs will hatch after 3-5 days and the female fish will help the young one out. Before the eggs hatch, the parents will have dug out a small pit in the substrate to serve as a home for the newly hatched fry. The Texas cichlid fry will stay in this pit for 5-8 days before becoming free swimming. To begin with, the fry will feed off organic matter. Roughly a week after becoming free swimming they are normally big enough to eat newly hatched brine shrimp and crushed flake food.
Texas cichlids sometimes get confused and eat their own offspring instead of rearing them. Hopefully, they will be more successful with the next batch.    

Blue Texas Cichlid

The blue Texas cichlid is also referred to as blue cichlid, Texas blue and simply Texas cichlid. The name blue Texas cichlid can refer to a number of different cichlids found in North and Central America.  The species that most commonly are sold under the name blue Texas cichlid are Herichthys carpinte, H. cyanoguttatu and H. Chuco but there are a number ofother Herichthys sp species that are also referred to as blue texas cichlid such as Herichthys sp. "Rio Cazones", Herichtys sp. "Turquoise andHerichthys sp. "Poza Rica". These species arewidely mislabelled and confused with each other in the trade.

Blue Texas Cichlid Care and setup:

All species sold under the name blue Texas cichlid can be kept under similar constitutions as earlier described for the regular Texas cichlid. They different species do however have slightly different temperament which means that it is even more important to decorate your aquarium to limit aggression when you plan to house blue Texas cichlids. I described how to do this earlier by limiting line of site and creating natural territorial borders.

Blue Texas Cichlid Breeding:

The different species now as blue Texas cichlid all breed in a similar fashion and can be breed in much the same way as the regular Texas cichlid. Try to slightly adjust the water parameters if your blue Texas cichlids refuse to spawn to find the right parameters for your species. IT is however usually relatively easy to get them to spawn if you have a compatible pair. Blue Texas cichlid fry will accept newly hatched brine shrimps from day one.

Red Texas Cichlid.

The red Texas cichlid is a hybrid and is not present in the wild. It is believed to be a cross between a Flowerhorn cichlid and a Texas cichlid which is why the red Texas cichlid often is sold as a Flowerhorn cichlid rather than a red Texas cichlid.

Red Texas Cichlid Price

The prices of red Texas cichlid differs greatly and can be everything from 10$ to 1000$+. There are two main reasons for the large price span. The first and less important one is that these fish still are quite rare and the store therefore can charge they price they want for them. The other more important reason is that the quality of fish in different price ranges. Only very few fish grows to very red show specimens while most specimens turn out to be of much lower quality. High quality specimens are very rare and as such expensive. Buying red Texas cichlids as fry are somewhat of a gamble since only a very low number of them will grow out to be really red. Most fish will never develop the red or will have a large number of black spots on their body making them more black than red.

Red Texas Cichlid Setup and Care.

Red Texas cichlids are considerable more aggressive than other Texas cichlids and should be thought about as flowerhorns rather than as Texas cichlids. They should only be kept with other large robust and aggressive fish. They require a large aquarium if you are going to be able to house them with other cichlids and are otherwise best kept alone.
The red Texas cichlid is easy to care for and will accept most types of food. They produce large amounts of waste which means that large frequent water changes and good filtration is a most.

Green Texas Cichlid

Green Texas cichlid is the common name for Hericthys carpintis. It is native to mexico and it is despite its name green texas cichlid unclear if there are any established populations of Hericthys carpintis in Texas. The Green Texas cichlid is very similar the regular Texas cichlid, Herichthys cyanoguttatu, but has larger spots. The Regular Texas Cichlid and the Green Texas cichlid are very closely related and will if interbreed if kept together. You should therefore never keep Texas cichlids and green Texas cichlids together in the same tank.
The green Texas is sometimes also called pearl scale cichlids as well as blue Texas cichlid and lowland cichlids. They only seldom grow bigger than 20 cm / 8 inches. Green Texas cichlids are like most otherHericthys species often mislabelled and sold under the wrong name.

Green Texas Cichlid Setup and Care.

The green Texas cichlid are found in rivers as well as in water with faster currents and can adapt to most water conditions as long as extremes are avoided. They require a large aquarium decorated with rocks and/or roots. Plants are not necessary.  They produce a lot of waste and large water changes are recommended on a weekly basis. Green Texas cichlids ill accept most types of food.
They can be kept with other large semi aggressive fish and is suitable for a community setup with other larger cichlids.

Green Texas Cichlid Breeding

The green Texas cichlid is easy to breed and is a substrate spawner that uses a flat rock, a flower pot or similar as a spawning substrate. The hardest part of spawning the green cichlid is to get a compatible pair. Each spawning can result in up to a 1000 eggs and sometimes even more for a large pair. The green Texas cichlids turn jet black while caring fro their eggs and young. They usually make good parents and green Texas cichlid eggs hatch after about 5 days and are free swimming 3 days later. Green Texas cichlid fry can be feed newly hatched brine shrimps as soon as they are free swimming.

1 yorum:

  1. Xmegatron10 dedi ki...:

    I'm getting a pair of river democrat🔵👍🏿 smallmouth bass fish named MR.and MRS [NARASSATI] 3 earthereater cichlids and 1 single male republican 🔴👎🏻 texas cichlid named mr {western}.

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